# Collective Action, Ostrom **Problem:** It is complex and difficult to manage local resources that are both depletable and open to access. (There situations are called "common pool resources" or CPRs). Neighborhoods can usefully conceive of many of their assets as common pool resources.
**Therefore:** Neighborhoods will benefit from using this model since the whole FedWiki for neighborhood platform can support the viability of neighborhood CPR management.
**Notes:**
* Elinor Ostrom and many colleagues have studied how civil society organizations have been successful and unsuccessful in managing common pool resources. From decades of study she and colleagues have created the attached model.
* Jon Walker has correlated the VSM with Ostrom's work and Marc Pierson has correlated Sofi with the VSM. There is a tight concordance among them which supports the notion that neighborhoods with common pool resources can benefit from using these three models, if they are made handy enough.
* Global research on collective action is archived at Indiana University in the Ostrom Workshop 
digraph { layout=dot; overlap = false; splines=true node [style=filled fillcolor=yellow] "Recognized\nMembership" -> "Common\nUnderstanding" "Small,\nSimple\nSet\nof\nRules" -> "Common\nUnderstanding" "Info\nabout\nResource" -> "Common\nUnderstanding" "Conflict\nResolution" -> "Common\nUnderstanding" "Common\nUnderstanding" -> "Conflict\nResolution" "Info\non\nOther's\nResource\nUse" -> "Common\nUnderstanding" "Governmental\nAgencies" -> "Speed\nof\nAccess\nto\nInfo" "Similarities" -> "Open\nCommunication" "Experience" -> "Percieved\nAlternative\nStrateties" "Experience" -> "Trust" "Similarities" -> "Trust" "Group\nSize" -> "Open\nCommunication" "Percieved\nAlternative\nStrateties" -> "Origin" "Resource\nScarcity" -> "Inter-\ndependence\n/\nsubtractability" "Info\nabout\nResource" -> "Resource\nScarcity" "Inter-\ndependence\n/\nsubtractability" -> "Origin" "Asset\nStructure" -> "Inter-\ndependence\n/\nsubtractability" "Decision\n-making\nCosts" -> "Asset\nStructure" "Decision\n-making\nCosts" -> "Origin" "Decision\n-making\nCosts" -> "Performance" "Group\nSize" -> "Decision\n-making\nCosts" "Group\nSize" -> "Trust" "Legal\nStatus,\nLocal\nPerogative" -> "Percieved\nAlternative\nStrateties" "Open\nCommunication" -> "Percieved\nAlternative\nStrateties" "Trust" -> "Open\nCommunication" "Distance\nto\nResource" -> "Trust" "Distance\nto\nResource" -> "Info\non\nOther's\nResource\nUse" "Governmental\nAgencies" -> "Legal\nStatus,\nLocal\nPerogative" "Dual\nEnforcement" -> "Conflict\nResolution" "Speed\nof\nAccess\nto\nInfo" -> "Info\nabout\nResource" "Technology\nfor\nMonitoring\nResources" -> "Speed\nof\nAccess\nto\nInfo" "Larger\nSystem\nof\nInstitutional\nSupport" -> "Survival" "Conflict\nResolution" -> "Survival" "Small,\nSimple\nSet\nof\nRules" -> "Survival" "Enforcement\nCosts" -> "Performance" "Small,\nSimple\nSet\nof\nRules" -> "Enforcement\nCosts" "Larger\nSystem\nof\nInstitutional\nSupport" -> "Conflict\nResolution" "Larger\nSystem\nof\nInstitutional\nSupport" -> "Technology\nfor\nMonitoring\nResources" "Dual\nEnforcement" -> "Survival" "de\nfacto\nvs.\nde\njure" -> "Survival" "External\nFactors" -> "Rate\nof\nChange" "Governmental\nAgencies" -> "Technology\nfor\nMonitoring\nResources" "Governmental\nAgencies" -> "Dual\nEnforcement" "Governmental\nAgencies" -> "de\nfacto\nvs.\nde\njure" "External\nFactors" -> "Governmental\nAgencies" "Rate\nof\nChange" -> "Survival" "Exogenous\nChanges" -> "Rate\nof\nChange" "External\nFactors" -> "Exogenous\nChanges" "Performance" -> "Survival" "Origin" -> "Performance" }
The above diagram is a driver diagram in GraphViz and it highlights the causal relationships from most enabling or limiting at the top to the outcomes at the bottom that are determined by the higher variables.
I intend to recast the Ostrom Collective Action framework with OPM. Then it will be possible to integrate many instances of collective action and study the dynamics of successes and failures and discover leverage points.
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Needed for any type of voluntary associative community.
* [ ] Group Size * [ ] Similarities * [ ] Experience * [ ] Trust * [ ] **Open Communication** * [ ] Common Understanding
Needed for management of a common pool resource.
* [x] Recognized Membership * [ ] Distance to Resource * [ ] Perceived Alternative Strategies * [x] **Legal Status, Local Prerogative** * [ ] Resource Scarcity * [ ] Interdependence / Subtractability * [x] Info on Other's Resource Use * [x] **Decision-making Costs** * [x] Info about Resource * [ ] Speed of Access to Info * [x] Technology for Monitoring Resources * [x] Larger System of Institutional Support
Needed for ongoing governance of a common pool resource.
* [x] Conflict Resolution * [ ] Small, Simple Set of Rules * [ ] **Enforcement Costs** * [x] Dual Enforcement * [ ] de Facto vs. de Jure
Limits to survival of any particular collective governance structure.
* [ ] External Factors * [ ] Exogenous Changes * [ ] **Rate of Change**
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